Bạn thiết kế xử lý lỗi toàn cục cho Web API thế nào để client luôn nhận một format lỗi nhất quán?

public sealed class GlobalExceptionHandler(ILogger<GlobalExceptionHandler> logger)
    : IExceptionHandler
{
    public async ValueTask<bool> TryHandleAsync(
        HttpContext ctx, Exception ex, CancellationToken ct)
    {
        logger.LogError(ex, "Unhandled exception on {Path}", ctx.Request.Path);

        var problem = new ProblemDetails
        {
            Status = ex is NotFoundException ? StatusCodes.Status404NotFound
                                             : StatusCodes.Status500InternalServerError,
            Title = "An error occurred",
            Instance = ctx.Request.Path,
        };

        ctx.Response.StatusCode = problem.Status.Value;
        await ctx.Response.WriteAsJsonAsync(problem, ct);
        return true;   // false -> pass to the next handler
    }
}

builder.Services.AddProblemDetails();
builder.Services.AddExceptionHandler<GlobalExceptionHandler>();
// ...
app.UseExceptionHandler();