Spring Boot là gì và có những ưu điểm gì?

Spring Boot đơn giản hóa phát triển Spring app bằng convention-over-configuration.

Ưu điểm chính:
- Auto-configuration — Spring tự config bean dựa trên dependency có trong classpath (vd có Tomcat → tự cấu hình web server).
- Embedded server (Tomcat/Jetty/Undertow) trong JAR — chạy java -jar app.jar, không cần deploy war.
- Starter dependencies — spring-boot-starter-web gom hết package + version tương thích.
- Production-ready: Actuator (health/metrics endpoint), graceful shutdown, externalized config.
- No XML — dùng @Configuration + properties.

Lý tưởng cho microservice, REST API, cloud-native app. Spring Boot 3+ (Java 17+) hỗ trợ AOT compilation cho GraalVM Native Image → startup <100ms.

Spring Boot simplifies Spring app development through convention-over-configuration.

Main advantages:
- Auto-configuration — Spring configures beans based on classpath dependencies (e.g. Tomcat present → web server auto-configured).
- Embedded server (Tomcat/Jetty/Undertow) inside the JAR — java -jar app.jar, no war deployment.
- Starter dependencies — spring-boot-starter-web bundles compatible packages + versions.
- Production-ready: Actuator (health/metrics endpoints), graceful shutdown, externalized config.
- No XML — uses @Configuration + properties.

Ideal for microservices, REST APIs, cloud-native apps. Spring Boot 3+ (Java 17+) supports AOT compilation for GraalVM Native Image → startup <100ms.