AWS & CloudS3 có 7 storage class, từ Standard (hot) đến Glacier Deep Archive (cold compliance), mỗi loại tối ưu chi phí cho một access pattern khác nhau — lifecycle policy giúp tự động chuyển đổi và giảm bill.
Các storage class:
- S3 Standard ($0.023/GB) — high durability 11 nines, high availability 99.99%, dùng cho data truy cập thường xuyên
- S3 Intelligent-Tiering — tự động chuyển giữa frequent/infrequent/archive tiers, phù hợp khi không biết trước access pattern
- S3 Standard-IA ($0.0125/GB) — infrequent access, rẻ hơn nhưng có phí retrieval, dùng cho backup, disaster recovery
- S3 One Zone-IA ($0.01/GB) — chỉ lưu 1 AZ, rẻ hơn 20% nhưng rủi ro hơn
- S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval — archival với instant access
- S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval — retrieval 1-12h
- S3 Glacier Deep Archive ($0.00099/GB) — rẻ nhất, retrieval 12-48h, phù hợp compliance archive
Lifecycle policy tự động transition object giữa storage class hoặc expire/delete theo thời gian — ví dụ: log files chuyển sang IA sau 30 ngày, Glacier sau 90 ngày, delete sau 365 ngày. S3 Object Lock (WORM) ngăn xóa/overwrite object, dùng cho compliance. Versioning bật để protect khỏi xóa nhầm nhưng tăng cost — dùng lifecycle để expire old versions.
S3 has 7 storage classes, from Standard (hot) to Glacier Deep Archive (cold compliance), each optimizing cost for a different access pattern — lifecycle policies automate transitions and reduce your bill.
Storage classes:
- S3 Standard ($0.023/GB) — 11 nines durability, 99.99% availability, for frequently accessed data
- S3 Intelligent-Tiering — automatically moves objects between frequent/infrequent/archive tiers, ideal when access patterns are unknown
- S3 Standard-IA ($0.0125/GB) — infrequent access, cheaper but with a retrieval fee, used for backups and disaster recovery
- S3 One Zone-IA ($0.01/GB) — stored in a single AZ, 20% cheaper but riskier
- S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval — archival with instant access
- S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval — retrieval in 1-12 hours
- S3 Glacier Deep Archive ($0.00099/GB) — cheapest, retrieval in 12-48 hours, suitable for compliance archiving
Lifecycle policies automatically transition objects between storage classes or expire/delete them over time — e.g., log files move to IA after 30 days, Glacier after 90 days, and are deleted after 365 days. S3 Object Lock (WORM) prevents deletion or overwriting of objects, used for compliance. Enable versioning to protect against accidental deletion, but it increases costs — use lifecycle rules to expire old versions.